Callender



(No Model.)

B. OALLENDER. ELEGTRO MOTIVE DEVICE.

No. 498,763. Patented June 6, 1893.

wwweooey avwem'foz nus co. s-uorcxmwo WASH NGTON u c UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROMAINE OALLENDER, OF BRANTFORD, CANADA, ASSIGNOR OF TlVO-THIRDS TO EDXVARD HART AND EDlVARD L. GOOLD, ()F SAME PLACE.

ELECTRO-MOTIVE DEVICE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 498,763, dated June 6, 1893,

Application filed July 14, 1892. Serial No. 4239197421 (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: electro-niaguet of well known form, and w a Be it known that I, ROMAINE OALLENDER, conductor connected to the terminals of the a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, recoil thereof,D being abattery. Sw isa switch siding at Brantford, Ontario, Canada, have and L an armature lever pivoted at land pro 5 5 invented certain new and useful lmprovevided with an armature located nearthepoles ments in Electro-Motive Devices, of which of the electro-magnet M, the conductor w bethe following is a specification. ing connected directly to the armature lever My invention is directed particularly to L at the pivot Z. improvements in electro-motive apparatus 8 s are adjustable front and back stops for to for utilizing energy through the application regulating the throw of the armature lever L of electro-magnets,electromagneticsolenoids, and Sis a spring secured to the lever L at electric motors or analogous electromagnetic one end and to a fixed point at the other. apparatus and it has for its object, the regu- P is a pivoted pawl carried near the outer lation of the application of energy in such end of the armatureleverL, andRisaratchet r 5 apparatus and in such manner as to cause wheel through which the power from the arthe moving part of the apparatus through mature lever L and pawl P is applied. which power is transmitted to approach the O is a roller made of metal or analogous stationary part at any desired speed, either conducting material and j ournaled in the end throughout the entire distance through which of a conducting lever pivotally secured to the 20 it is adapted to move or through any portion right hand end of the lever L by a metallic or portions thereof. pivot 0.

With electro-magnets or solenoids as here- S and S are yielding spiral springs protofore constructed, it has been customary to vided with adjusting screws for regulating regulate wholly the relation between the respectively the pressure of the pawl P upon 25 speed with which the solenoid core or armathe ratchet wheel R and roller 0 upon the ture advances through the application of free ends of a series of conducting plates 19 springs, dash pots, and numerous other apcarried by an insulating block I and conpliances which necessarily utilize or waste a nected by conductors running to a metallic portion of the energy required in the operaor conducting bar D. So

0 tion of the apparatus. Itis also awell known R, R R, R and R are adjustable rheofact that the action of an electro-magnet upon stats or resistance boxes of any preferred its armature when energized, varies with the form included in circuit with the aforesaid distance of the armature from the core, conductors, the arrangement being such that whether this variation be either directly as the resistance in anyone of the branches may 3 5 the distance between the two or inversely as be adjusted to suit the ends of the user.

the square of that distance as is held by some I have illustrated the rheostats R, R &o., authorities is immaterial, in so far as my inas having fixed proportions plugged up so vention is concerned, it being a well known that the resistance of the circuits reading fact that the attractive power of a core for an from left to right increases in regular steps.

o armature decreases as the armature recedes The operation of the apparatus therefore is from the core, the estimated amount of this as follows: The switch Sw is supposed to have diiference in the attraction between the two been just closed and the armature lever L to at different distances being different as combe resting upon the lower stop 5 while the puted by different authorities. conducting roller 0 is resting upon that one 5 5 In order that my invention may be fully of the conducting plates 12 which is in circuit understood, I have illustrated in the accomwith that one of the branch conductors havpanying drawing in diagrammatic view, an ing no rheostat or resistance box in its cirapparatus showing the simplest application cuit. Consequently the maximum amount of of the principles involved and for the purcurrent is allowed to flow from the battery B [00 5o pose specified. through the switch S20, wire 10, conducting Referring to the drawing in detail, M is an bar D, branch circuit, roller 0, pivot c,arma

ture lever L, pivot Z, conductor 20 and magnet M, thereby giving to the magnet a maximum magnetic capacity or saturation at that time when the armature is at its greatest distance from the core. As the armature and its armature lever L are drawn down against the stress of spring S, the pawl P imparts motion to the ratchet Wheel R, but at the next step in advance the conducting roller 0 passes off from the lower platep and on to the next one of said plates including in its circuit that branch which includes also the rheostat or resistance box R which has only a small portion of its resistance in circuit, as shown by the absence of the lower conducting plug at the bottom of the box. This increased resistance therefore demagnetizes the electromagnet M a proportionate amount, while the armature has advanced a fractional distance nearer the core thereof. So in succession the conducting roller 0 passes over the contact plates 1) and cuts into circuit the succeeding rheostats R R &c.,the resistance of the entire circuit increasing as the armature nears the core of the electro-magnet M so that when the armature rests upon the core or is at its lowest point, the rheostat or resistance box R alone Will be in circuit with the magnet M, battery B and upper contact plate 1). It will be understood therefore that by varying the resistance of the multiple or branch circuits connected to the conducting plates 79 and bar D, I may impart to the armature leverL a motion of any desired nature. In other words I may so vary the resistance of the branch circuits through the agency of the rheostats R to R that I may make the speed of the armature constant for all portions of its excursion or journey, or I may vary the intermediate speed in any desired order.

It will be appreciated that the application of this generic principle of varying the speed of an armature or core at will in accordance with the wishes of the user may be applied in many places in the arts. To illustrate: It may be used in connection with time mechanism for regulating the speed of rotation of the time registering hands of a clock or with electric motors generally, having either vibratory or rotary armatures where it is wished to maintain constant or variable speed within any desired limits. It is obvious that the electro-magnet M and its armature may be replaced by a solenoid and solenoid core, and the same principle applied in connection with said parts.

It is also obvious thatI may utilize an y form of variable resistance to replace the rheostat-s or resistance boxes R to R and that I may, with the aid of such resistance devices, regulate the application of magnetism for the transmission of energy through electro-magnetic apparatus generally.

My claims are to be construed broadly to the application of the generic principle here in described and through the agency of means which regulate the flow of current through the actuating magnet in the proportions desired with relation to the position of the moving part thereof at the will of the user.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. An electro-motive device consistingof an electro-magnet having an armature located in the magnetic field thereof and provided with means tending to withdraw it out of said field, in combination with circuit connections through the coils of the magnet and the armature lever for varying the current supply as it approaches the coil, said armature be ing operatively connected to mechanism to be propelled, substantially as described.

2. An electro-motive device consisting of an electro-magnet having an armature carried by an armature lever provided with a retractile spring and operatively connected to mechanism to be propelled, in combination with current varying devices operatively connected through the armature lever and the coils of the magnet whereby the movement is maintained constant throughout the forward stroke of the armature lever, substantially as de scribed.

3. An electro-motive device consisting of an electromagnetic coil, an armature or solenoid core therefor having circuit connections for varying the current from the source of current supply to the coil at will or in any desired order of variation in combination with an independent mechanism operatively connected to the armature or core and requiring a variable application of power, substantially as described.

4. An electro-motive d evice consisting of an electro-magnetic coil having circuit connections on one side with a source of electric energy and a series of variable resistances connected in multiple are relation therewith; with an armature or solenoid core connected through a circuit changing device, with the aforesaid resistances on the other side of the coil, substantially as described.

5. An electro-inotive device consisting of an electro-magnetic coil operatively connected on one side with a battery and a multiple are series of variable resistance coils and on the other side through the armature lever with a circuit changing device carried thereby and having operative connection with the opposite ends of the variable resistances; the ar- IIO rangement being such that the circuit changing device is in contact with the coil of lowest resistance when the armature is farthest from the pole of the magnet and vice versa, substantially as described.

6. An electro-motive device consisting of an electro-magnet having an armature and an armature lever operatively connected through a pawl to a ratchet mechanism and a variable resistance with a source of current supply and circuit connections carried by the movable armature lever, said connections being operatively connected through the smallest portion of the variable resistance when the armature is farthest from the magnet core and through the greatest resistance when the armature is closely adjacent to said core, and through the other resistances in proportion to the distance of the armature from the core, whereby a continuous and steady pull is imparted to the ratchet wheel during the entire stroke of the armature lever, substantially as described.

7. An electro-motive device consisting of an electro-magnet M having an armature lever and a propelling pawl P engaging a ratchet wheel R in combination with a source of current supply and a multiple arc series of resistance coils connected on one side to the ROMAINE CALLENDER.

Witnesses:

WM. FRANK, (Inns. B. HEYD. 

